Dump body



Dec. 13, 1938.- F BISZANTZ 2,139,795

Filed Nov.V l, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 [N VENTOR ATTORNEY F. BISZANTZ DUMPBODY Filed Nov. 1,- 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 A TTORNEYS Patented Dec. 13,1938 angst iti? FFECE DUMP omz Fred Biszantz, Galion, Ohio, assigner toThe Galion Metallic Vault Company, Galion, Gino, a corporation of OhioApplication November 1, 1937, Serial No. 172,098

3 Claims.

This invention relates to dump bodies and, in

particular, to dump body lifting mechanisms.

It is an object of this invention to provide, in a dump body, a leverageor lifting mechanism which is extremely compact, when collapsed,

which is strong, though of light weight, and extremely efcient inoperation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide, in such mechanism,a leverage or linkage construction by means of which, lifting force maybe applied to a swingable dump body through Variable lever arms duringupward swinging movement of the body.

It is a further object of this invention to provide such a mechanismwherein, during a lifting, or upward swinging movement of a dump body,the mechanical advantage of the leverage is progressively decreasedwhile the speed of movement of the body is correspondingly progressivelyincreased in such manner as to materially speed the lifting operation,while at the same time permitting the use of less power for theperformance of the lifting operation than would be otherwise possible.

It is a further object of this invention to provide such a constructionwherein the lifting force of a power operated reciprocatory member isapplied initially through a relatively small effective lever arm toachieve a substantially great initial mechanical advantage which issubsequently automatically and progressively decreased with consequentincrease of lifting speed.

It is a further object of this invention to provide such a mechanismwherein the force applied is automatically varied during a liftingoperation and maintained proportional to the force necessary to overcomeresistance to lift, which varies, during a lifting operation, due to theshift of weight upon variation in the angular position of the dump bodywith respect to its supporting means.

It is a further object of this invention to provide such structurewherein fluid engine means, or other conventional means of relativelylow power, may be utilized for the lifting of relatively large loads.

These and other objects and advantages will appear from the followingdescription taken in connection with the drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a dump truck equippedaccording to the principles of this invention, with the leverage 55`mechanism in extended position;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view of the leverage mechanism cf Figure 1 incollapsed, or retracted, position;

Figure 3 is an end elevational View of a structure shown in Figure 2, asseen from the right of Figure 2, looking toward the left;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, but showing the structure ofFigure 2, as seen from the left of Figure 2, looking toward the right;

Figure 5 is a section taken substantially on the line 5 5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 5-6 of Figure 1;

Figure 'l is a section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a section taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary end elevational view of structure shown inFigure 2; and

Figure 10 is a View similar to Figure 2 of a modified structureconstructed according to the principles of this invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail and with reference particularly toFigures 1, 3, 4 and 5, the sub-frame which is adapted for rigidattachment to the truck chassis comprises longitudinal side members I ofchannel form having transverse end members 2 of similar form rigidlysecured thereto, in suitable manner, as by welding. A pair of transversechannel members 3 having their inner ends suitably spaced are likewisesecured to the side members I.

v Secured to the top surface of the inner end of each transverse channelmember 3 is one end of a channel member 4 having its other end rigidlysecured to the adjacent end channel member 2. While the channel membersare shown as secured respectively to transverse channel members 3 andchannel member 2 by means of bolts 5, it is, of course, to be understoodthat other suitable rigid attaching means, such as welding may be usedfor this purpose. Each channel member i has an upwardly extendingflange6. The fianges 5 are provided with suitable, aligned apertures forreceiving the pin or pintle member l, upon which is mounted the frontend of the cylinder 8 of a suitable fluid engine which is provided witha suitable fluid supply pipe 9 at its front end, and a cap or headmember I0 at the opposite end, which is suitably apertured toreciprocably support the piston rod I I which extends therethrough andwhich is, of course, provided at its inner end with a suitable pistonadapted for reciprocation in the cylinder 8 and atlits forward end witha suitably apertured head. I2.

Adjacent the rear end of the sub-frame formed by the side members I andend members 2 is a pair of upwardly directed bracket members I3 providedat their upper ends with suitable apertures for receiving the transverserod member I4 which projects through the apertures in the bracketmembers and has, at each end, a reduced end portion adapted to pivotallyengage a suitable aperture provided at the lower end of a bracket memberI5, hereinafter more clearly described,

Forwardly disposed with respect to the transverse rod member I4 is atransverse pivot rod I6 having its opposite ends supported in suitableapertures I? provided in the side members l of the sub-frame. This pivotrod I6 serves as a pivotal sup-port for the lifting linkage or mechanismby means of which, power from the fluid engine, above described, istransmitted to the dump truck body.

The body comprises side plates I8, front end plate I9, rear end plate 26and licor plate 2|. The rear end plate 26 is shown in the form of alplate member rigidly secured to the floor plate and side plates of thebody, but it is, of course, to be understood that any suitable tail gateconstructio-n may be applied to the body construction. Secured to themarginal lower surface of the floor plate 2| and to the lower insidesurfaces of the side plates I8 are longitudinal channel members 22. Therear end of each channel member 22 and the lower portion of the rear endof each side plate I8 are secured together by a transverse bracingmember 23 secured thereto and extending therebetween and a similartransverse bracing member 24 extends between the opposite ends of thechannel members 22 and side plates I8. The side plates I8, front plateI9, -hoor plate 2| and channel members 22, as well as the transversebracing members 23 and 24, are rigidly secured together into a singleunit, preferably by means of welding.

The bracket members I5 are rigidly secured, in suitable manner, as bymeans of bolts 25, to the side plates I8 and channel members 22 in suchmanner that the above-described unit is supported for pivotal movementupon the transverse rod member I4. The means for tilting the dump bodycomprises a linkage or leverage system having connection with thetransverse pivot rod I6 on the sub-frame, with the head I2 on the pistonII of the fluid engine and with the floor plate 2| of the body.

This leverage or linkage mechanism comprises a pair of laterally spacedlongitudinally disposed trackways, each of which has therein spaced pinor roller means adapted to cooperate with suitable notches provided inan arcuate sector member which is pivotally secured to one end of asubstantially triangular thrust plate member having an opposite end orapex pivoted on the transverse pivot rod I6 and having pivotalconnection with a cross rod connected to the head I2 of the piston rod II. Each trackway comprises a. pair of bracket members of angle form,having substantially vertically disposed webs 26 and outwardly directedflanges 2l, each of which is rigidly secured to the floor plate 2| ofthe body in suitable manner, as by means of bolts 28.

The trackways which are formed between the Webs or flanges 26 are formedby the spaced pin members 29 which are suitably spaced and locatedbetween the webs or flanges 26 and which may be in the form of pinshaving their opposite ends received in and riveted in suitable apertweenthe flanges 26 on the bolts 30 to form l anti-friction rollers forengaging notches in the sector member, as hereinafter more clearlydescribed.

Each web or flange portion 26 is provided, as shown in Figures l, 2, 7and 8, with an elongated slot 32 at its rear end which is disposedsubstantially vertically in the collapsed position of the leveragemechanism, as shown in Figure 2. A suitable guide pin means rigid withthe sector member, hereinafter described, is adapted to be disposed ineach pair of slots 32. Forwardly of the slots 32 are substantiallytriangular apertures 33 in each web or flange member 26. Each pair ofapertures 33 is adapted to cooperate with suitable pin means on theabove-mentioned sector member for a purpose which will hereinafter moreclearly appear.

Disposed between each pair of webs or flanges 26 is a sector member 34having an arcuate upper surface provided with suitable notches 35adapted for engagement with the respective pins 29 or spacers 3| onbolts 39, as the case may be,

-which form the trackway between the flanges or webs 26. At its rearend, each sector'member 34 is provided with a suitable guide pin 36extending from op-posite sides of the sector member 34, as shown inFigure 2, or with guide pin means comprising a bolt 3l extending throughthe sector member 34 and provided at opposite sides thereof with sleeveor roller means 38 which are adapted to engage the walls of the guideslots 32 in each web or flange 26. Suitably located forwardly of thispin means is stop pin means comprising either a pin 39 similar to pin36, as shown in Figure 2, or stop pin means comprising a bolt 46 similarto bolt 3l and provided with sleeve or roller means 4| similar to theroller means 38 on the bolt 31, as shown in Figure '7.

Due to the cooperation of the pin means 29 or 36, 3| with the notches 35in the sector member 34 and due to the cooperation of the apertures 33with the stop pin means 39 or 40, 4| and the guide slots 32 with theguide pin means 36 or 31, 38, the application of upward force, to raisethe sector 34, will be translated into relative swinging movement of thesector member 34 with respect to the trackway formed by pins 29 or 39,3| in such manner that the distance between the lower, or pivoted, endof the sector and the point of application of upward force will bemateriallyk increased, as may be readily seen by comparison of Figure 2with Figure 1.

The lower end of the sector member 34 is provided with a suitableaperture which is pivotally supported upon the connecting rod 42.Substantially triangular thrust plate members 43 are provided at theirforwardly or upwardly disposed apex with suitable apertures forrotatable support on the connecting rod 42 inwardly of the sectormembers 34, and these ends of the thrust plate members 43 are rigidlysecured in spaced relation by means of a cylindrical spacer member 44disposed therebetween, as shown in Figure 4.

The lower or rearward apex of the thrust plate member 43 has thereon asuitably apertured bearing boss 45 which is rotatably supported by thetransverse pivot rod I6. The bearing bosses are rigidly secured inspaced relation by means of a cylindrical spacer member 46 interposedtherebetween and surrounding the transverse pivot rod I 3, as shownparticularly in Figure 5. The remaining apex of each thrust plate member43 is provided with a suitably apertured bearing boss 4'I which isadapted to have the crosshead rod 48 extend therethrough, as shown inFigures 3 and 4. This crcsshead rod 48 extends through the head memberI2 on the piston rod II and is rotatable with respect thereto in suchmanner that extension of the piston rod I I causes clockwise swingingmovement of the thrust plate members 43 about the axis of the transversepivot rod I3 from the position of Figure 2 to that of Figure l.

Release of pressure in the uid engine will permit the parts to returnfrom the position of Figure l to that of Figure 2. As is particularlywell shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the thrust plate members 43 arenon-planar, being bent inwardly to permit of fullest possible collapseof the parts when in the retracted, closed or collapsed position, asshown in Figure 2.

As will be most clearly understood, the arc of the top surface of thesector members 34 which have the notches 35 therein may be substantiallymodiied to achieve modication in the automatic Variation of effectivelever arm which is accomplished by the lifting mechanism during alifting operation.

One of the preferable modications is illustrated in Figure 10, whereinit will be seen that the sector member, designated 34a, is formedsubstantially as a segment of a circle with the arc of the top surfacethereof, having the notches therein, substantially circular. The guideslots 32a in the webs or anges 28 are substantially inclined from thehorizontal, as may be seen by comparison of the structure illustrated inFigure 2, and, instead of the aperture 33, an aperture 49 is provided,which is suitably located in such manner that the parts may be extendedfrom the position illusvtrated in Figure l in such manner that the bodywill take the position shown in Figure l with the guide pin 3S disposedat the top end of the guide slot 32a, while the stop pin 39 will becorrespondingly disposed in the aperture 49.

The operation of the linkage or lifting mecha- -nism is as follows: Withthe parts in the at rest position, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 10,introduction of fluid pressure to the cylinder 8 of the iiuid enginewill cause reciprocatory movement of the piston rod I I to the right, asseen in Figures 2 and l0. This will cause the thrust plate members 43 tobe swung in clockwise direction about the transverse pivot rod I6 insuch manner as to impose an upward and rearward thrust upon the lowerend of the sector member 34 through the connecting red 42. This willcause relative counterclockwise rocking movement of the sector member 34with respect to the trackway formed between the webs or flanges 26 andthe 'guide and step pin means in cooperation with their slots andapertures Will prevent excessive relative movement between the tracks,the flanges 26 and sector members 34 in such manner that, when the partshave reached the position shown in Figure l, they will be locked againstfurther movement.

It will be noted that the effective lever arm between the thrust platemembers 43 and the piston rod I I will be progressively increased fromthe position shown in Figure 2 to an intermediate position wherein thecross rod 48 will be disposed substantially vertically above thetransverse pivot rod I6. The application of this changing lever arm willbe modified slightly by counterclockwise rocking or swinging movement ofthe sector member 34 with respect to the trackway.

As the cross rod 43 moves rearwardly, due to the arcuate nature of itspath, it moves again downwardly, while at the same time the sectormember 34 continues swinging in counterclockwise direction with respectto the thrust plate member 43, as well as its trackway in such manner asto greatly increase the distance between the transverse pivot rod I6 andthe body. Thus, the lever arm through which force is applied by pistonrod i i through cross rod 48 is progressively decreased, while thedistance between the transverse pivot rod I6 and the body is materiallyprogressively increased during the latter portion of the travel of thecross rod 48 rearwardly past the transverse pivot rod I6. Thus, thespeed of upward swinging movement of the body is materially increased asthe angularity thereof is sufficiently increased to permit of the use ofa substantially increased effective lever arm. This automatic change inthe effective lever arm is accomplished automatically, because theadvantage thereof is inherent in the structure illustrated.

In the meantime, the lifting force is being applied successively to thedump body at points progressively nearer the body pivot I4 as the bodyrises, starting with the extreme left-hand notch 35 engaging the extremeleft-hand pin 29, and continuing notch-by-notch to the right toward thebody pivot I4. This action decreases the leverage actually applied tothe dump body as it rises, but increases the lifting speed, and incooperation with the previously-mentioned varying lever arm effect ofthe piston rod II upon the lever 43 around its pivot I6, produces adifferential lifting eifect upon the dump body as the latter IlSeS.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a construction wherein theutmost efficiency of operation, simplicity of construction, andcompactness of parts, when collapsed, is achieved.

It will be understood that the above-described structure is merelyillustrative of the manner in which the principles of my invention maybe utilized and that I desire to comprehend within my invention suchmodications as come within the scope of the claims and the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

I. In a dump body linkage for a dump body swingable around a pivot on aframe, a swingable thrust member pivotally supported by said frame; atrackway on said body including a pair of hanged bracket members andplural spaced pin means secured between the bracket anges, and a sectormember pivotally supported by said thrust member and rockable in saidtrackway, said sector member having therein notches engageable with saidpin means.

2. In a dump body linkage for a dump body swingable around a pivot on aframe, a swingable thrust member pivotally supported by said frame; atrackway on said body including a pair of flanged bracket members andplural spaced pin means secured between the bracket flanges, a sectormember pivotally supported by said thrust member and rockable in saidtrackway, said sector member having therein notches engageable with saidpin means, at successively varying distances from said dump body pivotduring the swinging of said dump body, and means for guiding said sectormember in said trackway including slot means in a bracket ange and guidepin means in said sector member extending into said slot means.

3. Ina dump body linkage for a dump body swingable around a pivot on aframe, a swingable thrust member pivotally supported by said frame; atrackway on said body including a pair of anged bracket members andplural spaced pin means secured between the bracket flanges, a sectormember pivotally supported by said thrust plate and rockable in saidtrackway, said sector

